July 2, 2009 - That day is an exciting day to me because we went to the Apo View Hotel in which its my very first time to lodge at a hotel.....hehe(how ignorant I am). The reason behind why we went to that hotel is because we undergone a seminar that was called COMMDAP Davao Seminar. Included here we're different new technologies that can be very useful as the world goes in a high technology. Different companies we're there at the Apo View Hotel with their different exhibited products introduced. To mentioned some of the products, hardware and software were laptops(NEO, DELL, REDFOX), LCD's(AOC, CHIMIE), printers. Antivirruses were also introduced such as the well-known Mcafee, another one is the Norton Internet Security. Most attracted to us were the freebies...haha.Especially the Smart Sandbox. They gave some free slings and bag. Unfortunately, I was not able to avail of their slings because it was already sold already...haha..:-). But I have taken a bag. Actually, the exhibit started at 10 am but we arrived at 1 pm. That seminar will lasted in three days starting July 2-4. At the first session, we're late(Venut, Tanya, Jopia, Manlangit). When we entered the conference room, it was halfway of their disscussions. And the topic they talked about was the features of their services about cars. Thier highlights were about the systems involving car services like how the technicians do their job and etc. The second session was very interesting to all the listeners because the speaker gave them freebies by answering their questions at the end So, everybody payed attention to the speaker..hehe! And it was all about thin client. For me, the thin client is very useful but as usual, very expensive....haha! As what I understand the thin client, it is the modern version of the CPU.....:-)

This day is a tough day its because we tried to find a company/organization to conduct an interview regarding our assignment in MIS. We tried to call some company but didn't got a response. Glad to hear that when we call at Phoenex, they said we can visit anytime. After hearing that good news, we hurriedly go to their main office located at lanang. But unfortunately, we didn't get the interview because they need first a letter to be approved(nakakaloka).Our professor is not around so we didn't get the approval letter from him(hahay buhay).It's really unfortunate coz we can't submit the assignment in its due date. So late na talaga!!!tsk3x.........Sorry Sir. hope you can understand.

That's all for today....Have a nice day to all of you!!!c yah next time...:-)

MIS (management information systems) is a general term for the computer systems in an enterprise that provide information about its business operations. It's also used to refer to the people who manage these systems. Typically, in a large corporation, "MIS" or the "MIS department" refers to a central or centrally-coordinated system of computer expertise and management, often including mainframe systems but also including by extension the corporation's entire network of computer resources.

In the beginning, business computers were used for the practical business of computing the payroll and keeping track of accounts payable and receivable. As applications were developed that provided managers with information about sales, inventories, and other data that would help in managing the enterprise, the term "MIS" arose to describe these kinds of applications. Today, the term is used broadly in a number of contexts and includes (but is not limited to): decision support systems, resource and people management applications, project management, and database retrieval applications.

http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid80_gci214098,00.html

A management information system (MIS) is a subset of the overall internal controls of a business covering the application of people, documents, technologies, and procedures by management accountants to solving business problems such as costing a product, service or a business-wide strategy. Management information systems are distinct from regular information systems in that they are used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization. Academically, the term is commonly used to refer to the group of information management methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e.g. Decision Support Systems, Expert systems, and Executive information systems.

An 'MIS' is a planned system of the collecting, processing, storing and disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management. In a way it is a documented report of the activities those were planned and executed. According to Philip Kotler "A marketing information system consists of people, equipment, and procedures to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and distribute needed, timely, and accurate information to marketing decision makers."

The terms MIS and information system are often confused. Information systems include systems that are not intended for decision making. The area of study called MIS is sometimes referred to, in a restrictive sense, as information technology management. That area of study should not be confused with computer science. IT service management is a practitioner-focused discipline. MIS has also some differences with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as ERP incorporates elements that are not necessarily focused on decision support.

Professor Allen S. Lee states that "...research in the information systems field examines more than the technological system, or just the social system, or even the two side by side; in addition, it investigates the phenomena that emerge when the two interact."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_information_system

"A management information system (MIS) is a system or process that provides
the information necessary to manage an organization effectively.MIS and the
information it generates are generally considered essential components of
prudent and reasonable business decisions.MIS provides the means through which the institution's activities are monitored and information is distributed to management, employees, and customers."

"And for me, either it is MIS or LMIS, what matter most are the informations and well-organized data that can be used and the functionalities of a certain system for the benefit of everyone. "

A.) Create an Inspiring Vision & Lead by Example

1. Create an inspiring vision; establish shared values; give direction and set stretch goals
2. Manage change strategically; take risks, create change; lead change; manage resistance to change
3. Lead by example; practice what you preach; set an example,and share risks or hardship
4. Demonstrate confidence; win respect and trust without courting popularity

B.) Empower, Inspire, and Energize People

5. Be enthusiastic; inspire and energize people; create a positive work environment
6. Empower people; delegate authority; be open to ideas; have faith in the creativity of others
7. Communicate openly and honestly; give clear guidelines; set clear expectations
8. Empathize; be willing to discuss and solve problems; listen with understanding; support and help

C. Build and Lead a Team

9. Use team approach; facilitate cooperation; involve everyone; trust your group; rely on their judgment
10. Bring out the best in your people; have common touch with them; coach and provide effective feedback
11. Permit group decision; help your team reach better decisions
12. Monior Progress, but don't micromanage; lead your team; avoid close supervision; do not overboss; do not dictate; lead team self-assessment

http://www.1000advices.com/guru/leadership_12roles_vk.html

Managerial roles stands for those behaviors that managers employ to carry out the basic functions of their work: managing relationships, managing information, and managing action.
Current thought suggests that although all of the roles are important, the need for a manager to
enact a particular role shifts as a function of context. Managerial work in an international business represents a particular type of context. (Chris van Overveen - Senior Consultant Trimitra Consultants)

To meet the many demands of performing their functions, managers assume multiple roles. A role is an organized set of behaviors. Henry Mintzberg has identified ten roles common to the work of all managers. The ten roles are divided into three groups: interpersonal, informational, and decisional.

1.)The interpersonal roles - ensure that information is provided.

In the figurehead role, the manager represents the organization in all matters of formality. The top level manager represents the company legally and socially to those outside of the organization.The supervisor represents the work group to higher management and higher management to the work group.

In the liaison role, the manger interacts with peers and people outside the organization. The top level manager uses the liaison role to gain favors and information, while the supervisor uses it to maintain the routine flow of work.

The leader role defines the relationships between the manger and employees.

The direct relationships with people in the interpersonal roles place the manager in a unique position to get information.


2.)The informational roles - link all managerial work together.

In the monitor role, the manager receives and collects information.

In the role of disseminator, the manager transmits special information into the organization. The top level manager receives and transmits more information from people outside the organization than the supervisor.

In the role of spokesperson, the manager disseminates the organization's information into its environment. Thus, the top level manager is seen as an industry expert, while the supervisor is seen as a unit or departmental expert.

The unique access to information places the manager at the center of organizational decision making.Thus, the three informational roles are primarily concerned with the information aspects of managerial work.


3.)The decisional roles make significant use of the information.

In the entrepreneur role, the manager initiates change.The manager initiates a series of related decisions/activities to achieve actual improvement.

In the disturbance handler role, the manger deals with threats to the organization.The role involves stepping in to calm matters, evaluate, re-allocate, support - removing the thorn - buying time.

In the resource allocator role, the manager chooses where the organization will expend its efforts.

In the negotiator role, the manager negotiates on behalf of the organization. The top level manager makes the decisions about the organization as a whole, while the supervisor makes decisions about his or her particular work unit.

The supervior performs these managerial roles but with different emphasis than higher managers. Supervisory management is more focused and short-term in outlook.

Thus, the figurehead role becomes less significant and the disturbance handler and negotiator roles increase in importance for the supervisor.

Since leadership permeates all activities, the leader role is among the most important of all roles at all levels of management.


The performance of managerial roles and the requirements of these roles can be played at different times by the same manager and to different degrees depending on the level and function of management. The ten roles are described individually, but they form an integrated whole.


http://www.trimitra.com/articles/roles.html

Greetings to everyone!!

Good day....I am Ilyn P. Mapalo, 19 3/4 years of age(hehe), fourth year in college but third year in standing(pd maulaw??hehe).Well, I expect MIS1(Management Information System) to be one of the difficult and challenging subect in this semester ..hehe!But it is also expected that at the end of this semester, we could learn so many things about management as from its name itself that can help and apply in our future living.Hmmm....I expect from our professor to be a kind and considerate facilitator in this subject.

Gud Luck to us and GOD Bless

Definitions for Human Resource Management:

1.) For Torrington and Hall (1987)they define personnel management as being:“a series of activities which: first enable working people and their employing organisations to agree about the objectives and nature of their working relationship and, secondly, ensures that the agreement is fulfilled".

source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personnel_management

2.) A personnel management system allows your human resource team to manage the best candidate for each open job requisition.

source:http://www.taleo.com/research/g-personnel-management-11.php

3.) Personnel Management have the responsibilities related to hiring and firing staff, supervising, promoting, organizing, motivating staff, and developing their professional capabilities. Personnel management requires strong interpersonal communication skills and skills in group facilitation, conflict resolution, and problem solving.

source:http://erc.msh.org/staticpages_printerfriendly/2.2.3_gmt_English_.htm

4.) Personnel Management is the administrative discipline of hiring and developing employees so that they become more valuable to the organization.

source:http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/personnel-management.html

5.) Personnel Management is within organizations that employ people, this is the function with policy responsibility for the selection and recruitment of staff, training, performance assessment, career development, disciplinary proceedings, pre-retirement advisory work, equal opportunities policies, pay bargaining, and industrial relations.

source:http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Definition_of_personnel_management
Definitions for Human Resource Management:

1.) According to While Miller (1987) HRM relates to:"those decisions and actions which concern the management of employees at all levels in the business and which are related to the implementation of strategies directed towards creating and sustaining competitive advantage" .

sources:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personnel_management

2.) Human Resource Management includes all methods and functions concerning the mobilization and development of personnel as human resources, with the objective of efficiency and greater productivity in a company, government administration, or other organization.

source:http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Human_Resource_Management

3.) Human resource management includes recruitment and selection of appropriate staff and management of the employment relationship, which includes contracts, collective bargaining, reward systems and employee involvement, and considers the strategic and operational view of human resource requirements.

source:http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/wps/media/objects/1513/1550326/glossary/glossary.html

4.) Human resource management is responsible for how people are treated in organizations. It is responsible for bringing people into the organization, helping them perform their work, compensating them for their labors, and solving problems that arise.

source:http://www.answers.com/topic/human-resource-management

5.) Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization.

source:http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryh/f/hr_management.htm

All the definitions that were given are true. It maybe in different terms and sentences, but the thoughts are all the same....that's all I can say!!hehe...peace yow...

Last wednesday, our group went to our adopted company which is the City Hall of government to interview a personnel for this assignment. Luckily, we were entertained by them especially the officer of that day.

The one we interviewed was Mrs. Florita L. Oligarto. She is the HRMO 3 in the city hall. First, she said that their management at first was only Personnel Management. Then it was developed into Human Resource Management. Personnel Management was only limited to hiring, recruitment, preparation of documents and appointments. But, the functions was expanded and was into comlexities. From personnel link to paradigm. Men of HR can be developed as well. Now, there's more divisions in their government. Included are personnel planning division, personnel selection and transaction, personnel benefits and welfare, human resource development division which provides carrer function to employees.

In terms of their recruitment, they provides certain procedures that should be meet by the applicants in order for him/her to qualify. The applicants will take qualifying exam and then go to personnel selection board for the interview.Credentials are also evaluated and prepared a comparative report. Last, approval by the city mayor. Also, the applicants should take civil service and meet the minimum standard. She said that "Not whom you know but how you possess your ability on the job".

Another, they provide training for their employees because it is needed and it was skill requirement for them to do their work rightfully.Additional is their benefits for the employees. They provides annual benefits. They also give incentives to those employee whom they seen who worked well. They have also performance rating which is done every six months. If an employee done a good performance in the succeeding semester, 1st and 2nd, they give him/her 2000 pesos. But if only she/he done it only in one semester, he/she will recieve 1000 pesos. Once a year, they have travel package of 300 pesos each and an exemplary achievement of 100 pesos to unwine theirselves from the stressful work.

For the improvement in system and processes, she said that in her work, she was developed. "The job was fulfilling though it is stressful", even though she work beyond office hours. She said that she meet more than enough its expectation.Their faculties are ok, computers have internet connection and air conditioned.The relationship between employees she said, it was normal if there's no conflict. Maam Florita also said, "Though they are saying(people)that employees of the city hall is not good", they take it as a challenge to motivate their employees and dealing good with the client.When we asked her the role of HRM, it was to meet the needs of the clients.She said that they are excellent?!And Ma'm Oligario believed that HR can be human capital!
Hmmm...for me, as I heard that information about them, I feel so satisfied especially in their benefits....hehe!Also in their recruitment that "Not whom you know but the ability you posses". I agree with her!:-)

September 5, 2008;

That is the first day of ICEAN Festival. Because we were only few, we are all just trying to enjoy ourselves. Besides that was also the day in which the ICEAN students can relax from all stressful subjects...hehe!

In that morning, Mr. Gamboa checked our ghannt chart because when Kathy, Jeanette and Jovy passed it on Sept. 3, Sir was not around.After checking, Mr. Gamboa had seen a lot of mistakes. So, instead of enjoying ourselves, we revised it first immediately. And we're so glad because we finally have done it correctly and ready to post..ahehe!

Afternoon of that day, I felt so boring, so I decided to make"aliw" myself. I make "cheer2x" to the players as what other did.....hehe...I also tried to make "sali2x" to my classmates in playing volleyball just to have fun...That was 3 o'clock i think that time and we stopped at the time of 5 o'clock!!:-)

That night I enjoyed myself because it was a musical contest where all the participants were making their presentation so funny!hehe...Lalo nah their jingles where the lyrics are all about our subjects and teachers that talked about our failures...haha!Really a good show...hehe!After the show, we had picture taking. We also danced "gmay"..ahehe!And the most center of attraction that night who danced and danced(walang pakialam kung sino ang tumitingin sa kanya bastah sayaw lang xa ng sayaw...haha) was no other than Miss Karen Palero!hehe....GRAVEH tlaga!!whooo...ahehe! Bilib au q sa iyah vah....hehe!la lang...Not knowing, it was already raining outside.Even though it's raining, we really enjoyed that night.:-)

September 6, 2008;

Second and last day of our festival. I arrived at school around ten o'clock. I thought our festival was already finished because I did'nt see any of my classmates or even other ICEANS. It was also the day of Applied Economics(mingaw au ang ICEAN , lingaw au ang Applied Economics...hahay). And another, org. day sa civil engineering bayot!!haha...lingaw jud au cla....Again, to enjoy myself, we went to AVR in engineering building to watch their literay and musical competition. Their presentation was really enjoyable(may pah cla...ahehe). After that, we played badminton.(la man lain mbuhat...:-)).
That night was the musical event. It includes folk dance, interpretative dance, contemporary dance, and mtv spoof. It was ok. We enjoyed. Mas more na enjoy mi when the swiss shirt man yata 2 ang ni dance..hehe!(mga wafo au cla...hehe!). Before the show was end, it rained. And so, I left.I don't know what happened next and who's the winner(bastah ni uli naq...ahehe).

The End!:-)

September 3, 2008;

That is the day when our group planned to make a ghannt chart.I thought that making a ghannt chart is an easy thing to do but it is not. We made it in the boarding house of our groupmate, Venus Millena. We we're able to finish it, but each one of us are not satisfied. We stayed there until 10 o'clock. So, we decided to finalize it that next day.

September 4, 2008;

That day was tuesday. After that class in java, we went again to the boarding house of Venus to finish the ghannt chart. While doing that, some of us played scrabble...hehehe!!just to have fun....:-)After an hour i think, it was finished and ready to print and check to Mr. Gamboa...

To be continued........hehe!la lng...:-)

July 1,2008;

That day, we went to find a company whom dealing with Human Resource Management(HRM) for this subject. Upon thinking where we have to go,our group members decided to have a luck in city hall.Fortunately,when we arrived there,we were treated well.They gave us the chance by such giving a letter to be approved by them.After that, we also try another one but unfortunately,we haven't found any other company so, we just go home and rest...hehe

July 4,2008;

Our group members passed the letter that Sir Gamboa approved to the city hall and they said that we can now set an schedule for the interview.Also on that day,Kathy,Jovy and Jeanette gave a letter to a certain company which is SixEleven call center company.Several days, Jovy was trying to call there and finally they approved it.

July 16,2008;

That day, is a very trembling day because we went to sixeleven call center company to start our interview. All of us were so nervous because we are going to a company where all the people there speaking english fluently,to the highest level...hehe!But we are so blessed because all the people there are very approachable.Especially to the one we interviewed who is the assistant of HRM.Ma'am Arlene,who is the director of their HRM,is not there because she is in their main company.But we were suprised and shocked because suddenly Ma'am Arlene arrived.With her looks pa lang, kurog na mi...haha!!We interviewed her about CreatingHuman Resource Information System(HRIS) which is our topic and she answered it fluently.Also,like other people she is also nice because she invited us to avail and join to their free english tutorial.Siyempre, sino ba nman ang hindi gustong mka avail nu'n,so we find it very interesting but we said that we will see because we have our class.If we have our time why not di ba??hehe...Sobrang thankful kami kasi nagawa namin ang dapat naming gawin nang hindi kami napahiya!hehe....GO girls...ajah!!Till next time....hehe

The State of the Nation Address is an annual event in the Republic of the Philippines, in which the President of the Philippines reports on the status of the nation, normally to the resumption of a joint session of the Congress. The address is also an opportunity for opposition parties to protest against the government.

Actually, I didn't have oppurtunity to hear her SONA because I was in school at that time. And also, I don't want to hear it...hehe!!peace....:-)

To be able to answer our assignment, I just read the article in the internet the SONA of our President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. Delivered on Monday, July 28, at 4:00 P.M.

We are task to evaluate the SONA in which we are going to get some points that is related to our subject HRM. And for me, some of the areas are the following;
-Training
President said that 7.74 million took technical and vocational courses over the last seven years, double the number in the previous 14 years in 2007 alone, 1.7 million graduated.

Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies.It helps people to maintain, upgrade and update skills throughout working life.

-GSIS pensions have been indexed to inflation and have increased every year since 2001. Its salary loan availments have increased from two months equivalent to 10 months, the highest of any system public or private—while repayments have been stretched out.Pag-Ibig housing loans increased from P3.82 billion in 2001 to P22.6 billion in 2007. This year it experienced an 84% increase in the first four months alone. Super heating na. Dapat dagdagan ng GSIS at buksan muli ng SSS ang pautang sa pabahay. I ask Congress to pass a bill allowing SSS to do housing loans beyond the present 10% limitation, said the president.

By this, the employees will be eager to work hard and put their full effort to improve their organization.

-"Our P 350 million training partnership with the private sector should qualify 60,000 for call centers, medical transcription, animation and software development, which have a projected demand of one million workers generating $13 billion by 2010. " said by the president.

This will benefit who don't have jobs.By this project, people will have the chance to find and have their jobs so that people will use their knowledge and skills in improving certain organization.


-President said,"My responsibility as President is to take care to solve the problems we are facing now and to provide a vision and direction for how our nation should advance in the future."

For that statement of her, I hope that she can do it not just by saying it but by doing an action!!

GOD BLESS US!!hehe

The most destructive habit is WORRY.
The greatest joy is GIVING.
The greatest loss is of SELF-RESPECT.
The most satisfying work is HELPING OTHERS.
Theugliest personality trait is SELFISHNESS.
The most endangered species are DEDICATED LEADERS.
The greatest natural source is our YOUTH.
The greatest "shot in the arm" is ENCOURAGEMENT.
The greatest problem to encounter is FEAR.
The most effective sleeping pill is PEACE OF MIND.
The most crippling failure diseases are EXCUSES.
The most powerful force in life is LOVE.
The most dangerous pariah is GOSSIPER.
The world most incridible computer is the BRAIN.
The worst thing to be without is HOPE.
The deadliest weapon is the TONGUE.
The two most powerful filled word is "I CAN".
The greatest asset is faith in the LORD JESUS CHRIST.
The most worthless emotion is SELF-PITY.
The most beautiful attire is SMILE.
The most prided possession is INTEGRITY.
The most powerful channel of communication is PRAYER.
The most contagious spirit is ENTHUSIASM; and
The most IMPORTANT THING IN LIFE IS GOD.

A life of service to others is the best way to let people know that

GOD is present in the world and GOD loves all of us.We are living

a life of service when we are just & charitable;when we reach

to others, especially those in need and when we help build a better

society by promoting justice and peace....BOW!!!:-)

Have you ever heard of school without a single living student? Is there such school?
Why,yes! A school for robots. All the students here, come from the robot factory.
The robots do exactly what is needed to be done. It is because these robots are
programmed in such a way that all the teachers have to do is press a button and
students will do exactly what is asked of them. hehe....chaar lNg!!!

Has anybody told you,that every thought you think
Makes lines just the little lines you write with pen and ink?

And thought of anger,fear or hate,will spoil the prettiest face
By making ugly little lines which nothing can erase.

But thoughts of love and kindness and joyousness and cheer
Make every pretty lines all fine and firm and clear.

And by and by your face becomes an open storybook
Which every one can see and read each time they chance to look.

So if you want your face to tell a story sweet and fairYou must see that only good thoughts do the writing there.

"God gave us our lives.Because life is a gift from God,every life is sacred and we should respect that life"

Human beings are the people living here on earth.And why we are here it's because of our purpose.We are created by God in His likeness and image.And we are send here to take take care of what He was created.God gave us the all the things of what a person comprises and composes according to His will. Especially the mind to be smart enough how to handle things proper.Moreover, to be responsible enough to manage all the resources that takes part of this world.Most especially in an organizations where the people should have the capability in making a useful plan in order for it to be a competitive one.Because an organization cannot stand alone unless with the presence of a human being whose gonna be the one to manipulate.And human beings have collectively become one of the most potent forces here on earth. But seems nowadays,the challenges and difficulties that each one of us facing now become more complicated. And no other one to blame but also the people themselves.We are all aware of that situation.Nobody can deny the truth.And we also know that we have different personality so why just understand each other.The only problem with us people is that we make a small problem become worst.That's why we are also the worst managed resources here on earth.As a human being,given the critical mind to settle things out should be responsible enough to understand things in order to avoid trouble.Even ourselves don't know how fix problem well.And managing a resources is not an easy work to do.So, people should cooperate to make an organization worthwhile.

Human beings have collectively become one of the most potent forces here on earth.

Human resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization's most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business.

For me, Human resource management(HRM) is included in BSIT and BSCS curriculum because from the word itself,it deals with people. It signifies that people involve always in everyday activities because without the peole,everything is useless.
Now, in order to have a person who can manage and be the manager,the management will get a professional one that can do anything and have the intellect to do the job .

This subject was given to us,students in order to learn something and know all the informations and details that comprise with it. Because in the near future we will be involve in that work. And also, by studying HRM subject, because people is a complex one, we will know how to mingle with other people and have a good relationship with them. That's it is included in our curriculum.

Corporation is a business in which large numbers of people are organized so that their labor and capital are combined in a single venture.Modern corporations include not only profit-making firms but also educational,scientific,recreational,charitable and religious organizations.


The size and economic power of some industrial agglomerations have long been a subject of controversy. Many of today's corporations have thousands of employees and control billions of dollars in assets.

The enormous debts taken by the new companies often left them too weakened to find new technologies or compete in contracting markets. Added to it was the intense competition propelled by integration of world markets,freer trade, and new technologies.Thus, in this 21st century,companies were forced to become more efficient,reduce costs, and compete more effectively to survive in the new global village. And also, a rash of bankruptcies and corporate restructuring and downsizing to meet new realities. In the wake, hundreds of thousands of workers lost their jobs,lenders went unpaid,retirees lost pensions, and unwary stockholders lost their investments.

Now, large corporations in general, and multinational corporations in particular, will face new challenges to their operational autonomy, investment safety, and profitability as they evolve and adapt to meet new societal expectations. New global forces in the form of international agencies and internationally linked religious and other public-interest groups will be monitoring their performance to ensure that their activities benefit all concerned parties.